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`Asr : the Afternoon Prayer.
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aayah (pl. aayaat ): "sign", a verse of the Quran.
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Companion (Ar. Sahaabi): a Muslim who met the Prophet (peace be unto him).
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Deen : the way of life prescribed by Allah.
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dhikr (pl. adhkaar ): "remembrance", words by which Allah is remembered and supplicated on doing various actions, including in prayer.
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Fajr : the Dawn Prayer.
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fatwaa (pl. fataawaa ): religious verdict.
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fiqh : the understanding and application of Sharee`ah (divine law) from its sources.
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hadeeth (pl. ahaadeeth ): a saying narrated from the Prophet (peace be unto him) (whether authentic or not), regarding his words, actions, or attributes.
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Hajj : Pilgrimage to Makkah.
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halaal : permitted under the Sharee`ah .
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haraam : prohibited under the Sharee`ah .
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`Ishaa' : the Night Prayer.
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isnaad : the chain of reporters for a narrated saying, linking the collector of the saying with the person quoted.
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istighfaar : to seek forgiveness (from Allah).
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Maghrib : the Sunset prayer.
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makrooh : "disliked"; fiqh terminology denoting an action which is discouraged, and one is rewarded for abstaining from it.
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mufti : one who gives fataawaa .
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muhaddith (pl. muhadditheen ): scholar of the science of Hadeeth .
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radi Allahu `anhu / `anhaa / `anhum : "May Allah be pleased with him/her/them".
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rahimahullaah : "May Allah bestow His Mercy on him."
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rak`ah : one cycle of standing, bowing and prostrations during Prayer.
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saheeh : "correct"; an authentic narration.
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Salaf : "previous"; the early Muslims, of the first three eras: the Companions , Successors , and their successors.
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sallAllahu `alaihi wa sallam : "May Allah send blessings and peace on him", used for the Prophet (peace be unto him).
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shaikh : teacher of a scholar or narrator of hadeeth .
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Sharee`ah : The divine code of Law.
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Sunnah : "Example, Practice"; the way of life of the Prophet (peace be unto him), consisting of his words, actions and silent approvals. The Sunnah is contained in the various authentic ahaadeeth.
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sunnah : an action of the Prophet (peace be unto him).
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surah : a chapter of the Quran.
tafseer : explanation of the words and meanings of the Quran.
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tahajjud : voluntary, recommended prayer between the compulsory prayers of `Ishaa' and Fajr.
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tahleel : to declare that there is no true deity except Allah.
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takbeer : "magnification"; to declare the Greatness of Allah.
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tasbeeh : to glorify Allah, rejecting any imperfections attributed to Him.
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tashahhud : from shahaadah (to witness); the sitting in Prayer, in which one bears witness that there is no true god except Allah, and that Muhammad is His messenger.
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tasleem : "to send peace on"; the Muslim salutation of peace.
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Ummah : "nation"; the Muslims as a group.
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`Umrah : the lesser pilgrimage to Makkah.
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Witr : "Odd"; the last prayer at night, consisting of an odd number of rak`ahs .
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Zuhr or Dhuhr : the post-noon prayer.
